(ui,)settings: Use explicit instantiation

Reduces compile times a tad on clang.
3 years ago · 5a2b7f951d
10 changed files with 615 additions and 477 deletions
--- a/src/audio_core/sink/sink_details.h
+++ b/src/audio_core/sink/sink_details.h
@ -3,13 +3,12 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <memory>
 #include <string>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <vector>
 #include "common/settings_enums.h"
 namespace Settings {
 enum class AudioEngine : u32;
 }
 namespace AudioCore {
 class AudioManager;
--- a/src/common/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/common/CMakeLists.txt
@ -110,9 +110,11 @@ add_library(common STATIC
    scratch_buffer.h
    settings.cpp
    settings.h
    settings_common.h
    settings_enums.h
    settings_input.cpp
    settings_input.h
    settings_setting.h
    socket_types.h
    spin_lock.cpp
    spin_lock.h
--- a/src/common/settings.cpp
+++ b/src/common/settings.cpp
@ -7,10 +7,17 @@
 #include <exception>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #endif
 #include <compare>
 #include <cstddef>
 #include <filesystem>
 #include <forward_list>
 #include <functional>
 #include <string_view>
 #include <type_traits>
 #include <fmt/core.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/fs/fs_util.h"
 #include "common/fs/path_util.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
@ -18,6 +25,43 @@
 namespace Settings {
 #define SETTING(TYPE, RANGED) template class Setting<TYPE, RANGED>
 #define SWITCHABLE(TYPE, RANGED) template class SwitchableSetting<TYPE, RANGED>
 SETTING(AudioEngine, false);
 SETTING(bool, false);
 SETTING(int, false);
 SETTING(std::string, false);
 SETTING(u16, false);
 SWITCHABLE(AnisotropyMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AntiAliasing, false);
 SWITCHABLE(AspectRatio, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AstcDecodeMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AstcRecompression, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AudioMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(CpuAccuracy, true);
 SWITCHABLE(FullscreenMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(GpuAccuracy, true);
 SWITCHABLE(Language, true);
 SWITCHABLE(NvdecEmulation, false);
 SWITCHABLE(Region, true);
 SWITCHABLE(RendererBackend, true);
 SWITCHABLE(ScalingFilter, false);
 SWITCHABLE(ShaderBackend, true);
 SWITCHABLE(TimeZone, true);
 SETTING(VSyncMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(bool, false);
 SWITCHABLE(int, false);
 SWITCHABLE(int, true);
 SWITCHABLE(s64, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u16, true);
 SWITCHABLE(u32, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u8, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u8, true);
 #undef SETTING
 #undef SWITCHABLE
 Values values;
 static bool configuring_global = true;
@ -238,6 +282,14 @@ void UpdateRescalingInfo() {
    info.active = info.up_scale != 1 || info.down_shift != 0;
 }
 std::string BasicSetting::ToStringGlobal() const {
    return {};
 }
 bool BasicSetting::UsingGlobal() const {
    return true;
 }
 void RestoreGlobalState(bool is_powered_on) {
    // If a game is running, DO NOT restore the global settings state
    if (is_powered_on) {
--- a/src/common/settings.h
+++ b/src/common/settings.h
@ -5,54 +5,21 @@
 #include <algorithm>
 #include <array>
 #include <forward_list>
 #include <functional>
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
 #include <memory>
 #include <stdexcept>
 #include <string>
 #include <typeindex>
 #include <typeinfo>
 #include <utility>
 #include <vector>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/settings_common.h"
 #include "common/settings_enums.h"
 #include "common/settings_input.h"
 #include "common/settings_setting.h"
 namespace Settings {
 enum class Category : u32 {
    Audio,
    Core,
    Cpu,
    CpuDebug,
    CpuUnsafe,
    Renderer,
    RendererAdvanced,
    RendererDebug,
    System,
    SystemAudio,
    DataStorage,
    Debugging,
    DebuggingGraphics,
    Miscellaneous,
    Network,
    WebService,
    AddOns,
    Controls,
    Ui,
    UiGeneral,
    UiLayout,
    UiGameList,
    Screenshots,
    Shortcuts,
    Multiplayer,
    Services,
    Paths,
    MaxEnum,
 };
 const char* TranslateCategory(Settings::Category category);
 struct ResolutionScalingInfo {
@ -78,441 +45,45 @@ struct ResolutionScalingInfo {
    }
 };
 class BasicSetting {
 protected:
    explicit BasicSetting() = default;
 public:
    virtual ~BasicSetting() = default;
    virtual Category Category() const = 0;
    virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const = 0;
    virtual std::string ToString() const = 0;
    virtual std::string ToStringGlobal() const {
        return {};
    }
    virtual void LoadString(const std::string& load) = 0;
    virtual std::string Canonicalize() const = 0;
    virtual const std::string& GetLabel() const = 0;
    virtual std::string DefaultToString() const = 0;
    virtual bool Save() const = 0;
    virtual std::type_index TypeId() const = 0;
    virtual constexpr bool IsEnum() const = 0;
    virtual bool RuntimeModfiable() const = 0;
    virtual void SetGlobal(bool global) {}
    virtual constexpr u32 Id() const = 0;
    virtual std::string MinVal() const = 0;
    virtual std::string MaxVal() const = 0;
    virtual bool UsingGlobal() const {
        return true;
    }
 };
 class Linkage {
 public:
    explicit Linkage(u32 initial_count = 0);
    ~Linkage();
    std::map<Category, std::forward_list<BasicSetting*>> by_category{};
    std::vector<std::function<void()>> restore_functions{};
    u32 count;
 };
 /** The Setting class is a simple resource manager. It defines a label and default value
 * alongside the actual value of the setting for simpler and less-error prone use with frontend
 * configurations. Specifying a default value and label is required. A minimum and maximum range
 * can be specified for sanitization.
 */
 template <typename Type, bool ranged = false>
 class Setting : public BasicSetting {
 protected:
    Setting() = default;
    /**
     * Only sets the setting to the given initializer, leaving the other members to their default
     * initializers.
     *
     * @param global_val Initial value of the setting
     */
    explicit Setting(const Type& val) : value{val} {}
 public:
    /**
     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit Setting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const std::string& name,
                     enum Category category_, bool save_ = true, bool runtime_modifiable_ = false)
        requires(!ranged)
        : value{default_val}, default_value{default_val}, label{name}, category{category_},
          id{linkage.count}, save{save_}, runtime_modifiable{runtime_modifiable_} {
        linkage.by_category[category].push_front(this);
        linkage.count++;
    }
    virtual ~Setting() = default;
    /**
     * Sets a default value, minimum value, maximum value, and label.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param min_val Sets the minimum allowed value of the setting
     * @param max_val Sets the maximum allowed value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit Setting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const Type& min_val,
                     const Type& max_val, const std::string& name, enum Category category_,
                     bool save_ = true, bool runtime_modifiable_ = false)
        requires(ranged)
        : value{default_val}, default_value{default_val}, maximum{max_val}, minimum{min_val},
          label{name}, category{category_}, id{linkage.count}, save{save_},
          runtime_modifiable{runtime_modifiable_} {
        linkage.by_category[category].push_front(this);
        linkage.count++;
    }
    /**
     *  Returns a reference to the setting's value.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue() const {
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Sets the setting to the given value.
     *
     * @param val The desired value
     */
    virtual void SetValue(const Type& val) {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, minimum, maximum) : val};
        std::swap(value, temp);
    }
    /**
     * Returns the value that this setting was created with.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the default value
     */
    [[nodiscard]] const Type& GetDefault() const {
        return default_value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the label this setting was created with.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the label
     */
    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetLabel() const override {
        return label;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the setting's category AKA INI group.
     *
     * @returns The setting's category
     */
    [[nodiscard]] enum Category Category() const override {
        return category;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] bool RuntimeModfiable() const override {
        return runtime_modifiable;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsEnum() const override {
        return std::is_enum<Type>::value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns whether the current setting is Switchable.
     *
     * @returns If the setting is a SwitchableSetting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const override {
        return false;
    }
 protected:
    std::string ToString(const Type& value_) const {
        if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::string>()) {
            return value_;
        } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::optional<u32>>()) {
            return value_.has_value() ? std::to_string(*value_) : "none";
        } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, bool>()) {
            return value_ ? "true" : "false";
        } else if (std::is_same<Type, AudioEngine>()) {
            return CanonicalizeEnum(value_);
        } else {
            return std::to_string(static_cast<u64>(value_));
        }
    }
 public:
    /**
     * Converts the value of the setting to a std::string. Respects the global state if the setting
     * has one.
     *
     * @returns The current setting as a std::string
     */
    std::string ToString() const override {
        return ToString(this->GetValue());
    }
    /**
     * Returns the default value of the setting as a std::string.
     *
     * @returns The default value as a string.
     */
    std::string DefaultToString() const override {
        return ToString(default_value);
    }
    /**
     * Assigns a value to the setting.
     *
     * @param val The desired setting value
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    virtual const Type& operator=(const Type& val) {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, minimum, maximum) : val};
        std::swap(value, temp);
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns a reference to the setting.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    explicit virtual operator const Type&() const {
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Converts the given value to the Setting's type of value. Uses SetValue to enter the setting,
     * thus respecting its constraints.
     *
     * @param input The desired value
     */
    void LoadString(const std::string& input) override {
        if (input.empty()) {
            this->SetValue(this->GetDefault());
            return;
        }
        try {
            if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::string>()) {
                this->SetValue(input);
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::optional<u32>>()) {
                this->SetValue(static_cast<u32>(std::stoul(input)));
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, bool>()) {
                this->SetValue(input == "true");
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, AudioEngine>()) {
                this->SetValue(ToEnum<Type>(input));
            } else {
                this->SetValue(static_cast<Type>(std::stoll(input)));
            }
        } catch (std::invalid_argument) {
            this->SetValue(this->GetDefault());
        }
    }
    [[nodiscard]] std::string constexpr Canonicalize() const override {
        if constexpr (std::is_enum<Type>::value) {
            return CanonicalizeEnum(this->GetValue());
        }
        return ToString(this->GetValue());
    }
    /**
     * Returns the save preference of the setting i.e. when saving or reading the setting from a
     * frontend, whether this setting should be skipped.
     *
     * @returns The save preference
     */
    virtual bool Save() const override {
        return save;
    }
    /**
     * Gives us another way to identify the setting without having to go through a string.
     *
     * @returns the type_index of the setting's type
     */
    virtual std::type_index TypeId() const override {
        return std::type_index(typeid(Type));
    }
    virtual constexpr u32 Id() const override {
        return id;
    }
    virtual std::string MinVal() const override {
        return this->ToString(minimum);
    }
    virtual std::string MaxVal() const override {
        return this->ToString(maximum);
    }
 protected:
    Type value{};                 ///< The setting
    const Type default_value{};   ///< The default value
    const Type maximum{};         ///< Maximum allowed value of the setting
    const Type minimum{};         ///< Minimum allowed value of the setting
    const std::string label{};    ///< The setting's label
    const enum Category category; ///< The setting's category AKA INI group
    const u32 id;
    bool save;
    bool runtime_modifiable;
 };
 /**
 * The SwitchableSetting class is a slightly more complex version of the Setting class. This adds a
 * custom setting to switch to when a guest application specifically requires it. The effect is that
 * other components of the emulator can access the setting's intended value without any need for the
 * component to ask whether the custom or global setting is needed at the moment.
 *
 * By default, the global setting is used.
 */
 template <typename Type, bool ranged = false>
 class SwitchableSetting : virtual public Setting<Type, ranged> {
 public:
    /**
     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit SwitchableSetting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const std::string& name,
                               Category category, bool save = true, bool runtime_modifiable = false)
        requires(!ranged)
        : Setting<Type, false>{linkage, default_val, name, category, save, runtime_modifiable} {
        linkage.restore_functions.emplace_back([this]() { this->SetGlobal(true); });
    }
    virtual ~SwitchableSetting() = default;
    /**
     * Sets a default value, minimum value, maximum value, and label.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param min_val Sets the minimum allowed value of the setting
     * @param max_val Sets the maximum allowed value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit SwitchableSetting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const Type& min_val,
                               const Type& max_val, const std::string& name, Category category,
                               bool save = true, bool runtime_modifiable = false)
        requires(ranged)
        : Setting<Type, true>{linkage, default_val, min_val, max_val,
                              name,    category,    save,    runtime_modifiable} {
        linkage.restore_functions.emplace_back([this]() { this->SetGlobal(true); });
    }
    /**
     * Tells this setting to represent either the global or custom setting when other member
     * functions are used.
     *
     * @param to_global Whether to use the global or custom setting.
     */
    void SetGlobal(bool to_global) override {
        use_global = to_global;
    }
    /**
     * Returns whether this setting is using the global setting or not.
     *
     * @returns The global state
     */
    [[nodiscard]] bool UsingGlobal() const override {
        return use_global;
    }
    /**
     * Returns either the global or custom setting depending on the values of this setting's global
     * state or if the global value was specifically requested.
     *
     * @param need_global Request global value regardless of setting's state; defaults to false
     *
     * @returns The required value of the setting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue() const override {
        if (use_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue(bool need_global) const {
        if (use_global || need_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
    /**
     * Sets the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @param val The new value
     */
    void SetValue(const Type& val) override {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, this->minimum, this->maximum) : val};
        if (use_global) {
            std::swap(this->value, temp);
        } else {
            std::swap(custom, temp);
        }
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const override {
        return true;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::string ToStringGlobal() const override {
        return this->ToString(this->value);
    }
    /**
     * Assigns the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @param val The new value
     *
     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
     */
    const Type& operator=(const Type& val) override {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, this->minimum, this->maximum) : val};
        if (use_global) {
            std::swap(this->value, temp);
            return this->value;
        }
        std::swap(custom, temp);
        return custom;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
     */
    virtual explicit operator const Type&() const override {
        if (use_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
 protected:
    bool use_global{true}; ///< The setting's global state
    Type custom{};         ///< The custom value of the setting
 };
 // Instantiate the classes elsewhere (settings.cpp) to reduce compiler/linker work
 #define SETTING(TYPE, RANGED) extern template class Setting<TYPE, RANGED>
 #define SWITCHABLE(TYPE, RANGED) extern template class SwitchableSetting<TYPE, RANGED>
 SETTING(AudioEngine, false);
 SETTING(bool, false);
 SETTING(int, false);
 SETTING(s32, false);
 SETTING(std::string, false);
 SETTING(std::string, false);
 SETTING(u16, false);
 SWITCHABLE(AnisotropyMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AntiAliasing, false);
 SWITCHABLE(AspectRatio, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AstcDecodeMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AstcRecompression, true);
 SWITCHABLE(AudioMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(CpuAccuracy, true);
 SWITCHABLE(FullscreenMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(GpuAccuracy, true);
 SWITCHABLE(Language, true);
 SWITCHABLE(NvdecEmulation, false);
 SWITCHABLE(Region, true);
 SWITCHABLE(RendererBackend, true);
 SWITCHABLE(ScalingFilter, false);
 SWITCHABLE(ShaderBackend, true);
 SWITCHABLE(TimeZone, true);
 SETTING(VSyncMode, true);
 SWITCHABLE(bool, false);
 SWITCHABLE(int, false);
 SWITCHABLE(int, true);
 SWITCHABLE(s64, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u16, true);
 SWITCHABLE(u32, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u8, false);
 SWITCHABLE(u8, true);
 #undef SETTING
 #undef SWITCHABLE
 /**
 * The InputSetting class allows for getting a reference to either the global or custom members.
--- a/src/common/settings_common.h
+++ b/src/common/settings_common.h
@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <forward_list>
 #include <functional>
 #include <map>
 #include <string>
 #include <typeindex>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 namespace Settings {
 enum class Category : u32 {
    Audio,
    Core,
    Cpu,
    CpuDebug,
    CpuUnsafe,
    Renderer,
    RendererAdvanced,
    RendererDebug,
    System,
    SystemAudio,
    DataStorage,
    Debugging,
    DebuggingGraphics,
    Miscellaneous,
    Network,
    WebService,
    AddOns,
    Controls,
    Ui,
    UiGeneral,
    UiLayout,
    UiGameList,
    Screenshots,
    Shortcuts,
    Multiplayer,
    Services,
    Paths,
    MaxEnum,
 };
 class BasicSetting {
 protected:
    explicit BasicSetting() = default;
 public:
    virtual ~BasicSetting() = default;
    virtual Category Category() const = 0;
    virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const = 0;
    virtual std::string ToString() const = 0;
    virtual std::string ToStringGlobal() const;
    virtual void LoadString(const std::string& load) = 0;
    virtual std::string Canonicalize() const = 0;
    virtual const std::string& GetLabel() const = 0;
    virtual std::string DefaultToString() const = 0;
    virtual bool Save() const = 0;
    virtual std::type_index TypeId() const = 0;
    virtual constexpr bool IsEnum() const = 0;
    virtual bool RuntimeModfiable() const = 0;
    virtual void SetGlobal(bool global) {}
    virtual constexpr u32 Id() const = 0;
    virtual std::string MinVal() const = 0;
    virtual std::string MaxVal() const = 0;
    virtual bool UsingGlobal() const;
 };
 class Linkage {
 public:
    explicit Linkage(u32 initial_count = 0);
    ~Linkage();
    std::map<Category, std::forward_list<BasicSetting*>> by_category{};
    std::vector<std::function<void()>> restore_functions{};
    u32 count;
 };
 } // namespace Settings
--- a/src/common/settings_setting.h
+++ b/src/common/settings_setting.h
@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
 #pragma once
 #include <map>
 #include <optional>
 #include <string>
 #include <typeindex>
 #include <typeinfo>
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/settings_common.h"
 #include "common/settings_enums.h"
 namespace Settings {
 /** The Setting class is a simple resource manager. It defines a label and default value
 * alongside the actual value of the setting for simpler and less-error prone use with frontend
 * configurations. Specifying a default value and label is required. A minimum and maximum range
 * can be specified for sanitization.
 */
 template <typename Type, bool ranged = false>
 class Setting : public BasicSetting {
 protected:
    Setting() = default;
    /**
     * Only sets the setting to the given initializer, leaving the other members to their default
     * initializers.
     *
     * @param global_val Initial value of the setting
     */
    explicit Setting(const Type& val)
        : value{val},
          default_value{}, maximum{}, minimum{}, label{}, category{Category::Miscellaneous}, id{} {}
 public:
    /**
     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit Setting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const std::string& name,
                     enum Category category_, bool save_ = true, bool runtime_modifiable_ = false)
        requires(!ranged)
        : value{default_val}, default_value{default_val}, label{name}, category{category_},
          id{linkage.count}, save{save_}, runtime_modifiable{runtime_modifiable_} {
        linkage.by_category[category].push_front(this);
        linkage.count++;
    }
    virtual ~Setting() = default;
    /**
     * Sets a default value, minimum value, maximum value, and label.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param min_val Sets the minimum allowed value of the setting
     * @param max_val Sets the maximum allowed value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit Setting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const Type& min_val,
                     const Type& max_val, const std::string& name, enum Category category_,
                     bool save_ = true, bool runtime_modifiable_ = false)
        requires(ranged)
        : value{default_val}, default_value{default_val}, maximum{max_val}, minimum{min_val},
          label{name}, category{category_}, id{linkage.count}, save{save_},
          runtime_modifiable{runtime_modifiable_} {
        linkage.by_category[category].push_front(this);
        linkage.count++;
    }
    /**
     *  Returns a reference to the setting's value.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue() const {
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Sets the setting to the given value.
     *
     * @param val The desired value
     */
    virtual void SetValue(const Type& val) {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, minimum, maximum) : val};
        std::swap(value, temp);
    }
    /**
     * Returns the value that this setting was created with.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the default value
     */
    [[nodiscard]] const Type& GetDefault() const {
        return default_value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the label this setting was created with.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the label
     */
    [[nodiscard]] const std::string& GetLabel() const override {
        return label;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the setting's category AKA INI group.
     *
     * @returns The setting's category
     */
    [[nodiscard]] enum Category Category() const override {
        return category;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] bool RuntimeModfiable() const override {
        return runtime_modifiable;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] constexpr bool IsEnum() const override {
        return std::is_enum<Type>::value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns whether the current setting is Switchable.
     *
     * @returns If the setting is a SwitchableSetting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const override {
        return false;
    }
 protected:
    std::string ToString(const Type& value_) const {
        if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::string>()) {
            return value_;
        } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::optional<u32>>()) {
            return value_.has_value() ? std::to_string(*value_) : "none";
        } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, bool>()) {
            return value_ ? "true" : "false";
        } else if (std::is_same<Type, AudioEngine>()) {
            return CanonicalizeEnum(value_);
        } else {
            return std::to_string(static_cast<u64>(value_));
        }
    }
 public:
    /**
     * Converts the value of the setting to a std::string. Respects the global state if the setting
     * has one.
     *
     * @returns The current setting as a std::string
     */
    std::string ToString() const override {
        return ToString(this->GetValue());
    }
    /**
     * Returns the default value of the setting as a std::string.
     *
     * @returns The default value as a string.
     */
    std::string DefaultToString() const override {
        return ToString(default_value);
    }
    /**
     * Assigns a value to the setting.
     *
     * @param val The desired setting value
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    virtual const Type& operator=(const Type& val) {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, minimum, maximum) : val};
        std::swap(value, temp);
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Returns a reference to the setting.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the setting
     */
    explicit virtual operator const Type&() const {
        return value;
    }
    /**
     * Converts the given value to the Setting's type of value. Uses SetValue to enter the setting,
     * thus respecting its constraints.
     *
     * @param input The desired value
     */
    void LoadString(const std::string& input) override {
        if (input.empty()) {
            this->SetValue(this->GetDefault());
            return;
        }
        try {
            if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::string>()) {
                this->SetValue(input);
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, std::optional<u32>>()) {
                this->SetValue(static_cast<u32>(std::stoul(input)));
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, bool>()) {
                this->SetValue(input == "true");
            } else if constexpr (std::is_same<Type, AudioEngine>()) {
                this->SetValue(ToEnum<Type>(input));
            } else {
                this->SetValue(static_cast<Type>(std::stoll(input)));
            }
        } catch (std::invalid_argument) {
            this->SetValue(this->GetDefault());
        }
    }
    [[nodiscard]] std::string constexpr Canonicalize() const override {
        if constexpr (std::is_enum<Type>::value) {
            return CanonicalizeEnum(this->GetValue());
        }
        return ToString(this->GetValue());
    }
    /**
     * Returns the save preference of the setting i.e. when saving or reading the setting from a
     * frontend, whether this setting should be skipped.
     *
     * @returns The save preference
     */
    virtual bool Save() const override {
        return save;
    }
    /**
     * Gives us another way to identify the setting without having to go through a string.
     *
     * @returns the type_index of the setting's type
     */
    virtual std::type_index TypeId() const override {
        return std::type_index(typeid(Type));
    }
    virtual constexpr u32 Id() const override {
        return id;
    }
    virtual std::string MinVal() const override {
        return this->ToString(minimum);
    }
    virtual std::string MaxVal() const override {
        return this->ToString(maximum);
    }
 protected:
    Type value{};                 ///< The setting
    const Type default_value{};   ///< The default value
    const Type maximum{};         ///< Maximum allowed value of the setting
    const Type minimum{};         ///< Minimum allowed value of the setting
    const std::string label{};    ///< The setting's label
    const enum Category category; ///< The setting's category AKA INI group
    const u32 id;
    bool save;
    bool runtime_modifiable;
 };
 /**
 * The SwitchableSetting class is a slightly more complex version of the Setting class. This adds a
 * custom setting to switch to when a guest application specifically requires it. The effect is that
 * other components of the emulator can access the setting's intended value without any need for the
 * component to ask whether the custom or global setting is needed at the moment.
 *
 * By default, the global setting is used.
 */
 template <typename Type, bool ranged = false>
 class SwitchableSetting : virtual public Setting<Type, ranged> {
 public:
    /**
     * Sets a default value, label, and setting value.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit SwitchableSetting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const std::string& name,
                               Category category, bool save = true, bool runtime_modifiable = false)
        requires(!ranged)
        : Setting<Type, false>{linkage, default_val, name, category, save, runtime_modifiable} {
        linkage.restore_functions.emplace_back([this]() { this->SetGlobal(true); });
    }
    virtual ~SwitchableSetting() = default;
    /**
     * Sets a default value, minimum value, maximum value, and label.
     *
     * @param linkage Setting registry
     * @param default_val Initial value of the setting, and default value of the setting
     * @param min_val Sets the minimum allowed value of the setting
     * @param max_val Sets the maximum allowed value of the setting
     * @param name Label for the setting
     * @param category_ Category of the setting AKA INI group
     */
    explicit SwitchableSetting(Linkage& linkage, const Type& default_val, const Type& min_val,
                               const Type& max_val, const std::string& name, Category category,
                               bool save = true, bool runtime_modifiable = false)
        requires(ranged)
        : Setting<Type, true>{linkage, default_val, min_val, max_val,
                              name,    category,    save,    runtime_modifiable} {
        linkage.restore_functions.emplace_back([this]() { this->SetGlobal(true); });
    }
    /**
     * Tells this setting to represent either the global or custom setting when other member
     * functions are used.
     *
     * @param to_global Whether to use the global or custom setting.
     */
    void SetGlobal(bool to_global) override {
        use_global = to_global;
    }
    /**
     * Returns whether this setting is using the global setting or not.
     *
     * @returns The global state
     */
    [[nodiscard]] bool UsingGlobal() const override {
        return use_global;
    }
    /**
     * Returns either the global or custom setting depending on the values of this setting's global
     * state or if the global value was specifically requested.
     *
     * @param need_global Request global value regardless of setting's state; defaults to false
     *
     * @returns The required value of the setting
     */
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue() const override {
        if (use_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual const Type& GetValue(bool need_global) const {
        if (use_global || need_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
    /**
     * Sets the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @param val The new value
     */
    void SetValue(const Type& val) override {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, this->minimum, this->maximum) : val};
        if (use_global) {
            std::swap(this->value, temp);
        } else {
            std::swap(custom, temp);
        }
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual constexpr bool Switchable() const override {
        return true;
    }
    [[nodiscard]] virtual std::string ToStringGlobal() const override {
        return this->ToString(this->value);
    }
    /**
     * Assigns the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @param val The new value
     *
     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
     */
    const Type& operator=(const Type& val) override {
        Type temp{ranged ? std::clamp(val, this->minimum, this->maximum) : val};
        if (use_global) {
            std::swap(this->value, temp);
            return this->value;
        }
        std::swap(custom, temp);
        return custom;
    }
    /**
     * Returns the current setting value depending on the global state.
     *
     * @returns A reference to the current setting value
     */
    virtual explicit operator const Type&() const override {
        if (use_global) {
            return this->value;
        }
        return custom;
    }
 protected:
    bool use_global{true}; ///< The setting's global state
    Type custom{};         ///< The custom value of the setting
 };
 } // namespace Settings
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/config.cpp
@ -102,9 +102,9 @@ const std::map<Settings::RendererBackend, QString> Config::renderer_backend_text
 };
 const std::map<Settings::ShaderBackend, QString> Config::shader_backend_texts_map = {
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::GLSL, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "GLSL"))},
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::GLASM, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "GLASM"))},
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::SPIRV, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "SPIRV"))},
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::Glsl, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "GLSL"))},
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::Glasm, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "GLASM"))},
    {Settings::ShaderBackend::SpirV, QStringLiteral(QT_TRANSLATE_NOOP("GMainWindow", "SPIRV"))},
 };
 // This shouldn't have anything except static initializers (no functions). So
--- a/src/yuzu/configuration/shared_widget.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/configuration/shared_widget.cpp
@ -21,7 +21,10 @@
 #include <QStyle>
 #include <QValidator>
 #include <QWidget>
 #include <fmt/core.h>
 #include "common/assert.h"
 #include "common/common_types.h"
 #include "common/logging/log.h"
 #include "common/settings.h"
 #include "yuzu/configuration/configuration_shared.h"
 #include "yuzu/configuration/shared_translation.h"
--- a/src/yuzu/uisettings.cpp
+++ b/src/yuzu/uisettings.cpp
@ -3,6 +3,16 @@
 #include "yuzu/uisettings.h"
 namespace Settings {
 template class Setting<bool>;
 template class Setting<std::string>;
 template class Setting<u16, true>;
 template class Setting<u32>;
 template class Setting<u8, true>;
 template class Setting<u8>;
 template class Setting<unsigned long long>;
 } // namespace Settings
 namespace UISettings {
 const Themes themes{{
--- a/src/yuzu/uisettings.h
+++ b/src/yuzu/uisettings.h
@ -17,6 +17,16 @@
 using Settings::Category;
 using Settings::Setting;
 namespace Settings {
 extern template class Setting<bool>;
 extern template class Setting<std::string>;
 extern template class Setting<u16, true>;
 extern template class Setting<u32>;
 extern template class Setting<u8, true>;
 extern template class Setting<u8>;
 extern template class Setting<unsigned long long>;
 } // namespace Settings
 namespace UISettings {
 bool IsDarkTheme();